new Plural(function(num) { return $.ngettext("mole", "moles", num); }) new Plural(function(num) { return $.ngettext("gram", "grams", num); }) $._("grams of") $._("molar mass of") $._("moles of") $._("of") randRange(1, 40) randRange(1, 40 * (R2_RATIO * R2_MOLAR_MASS) / (R1_RATIO * R1_MOLAR_MASS)) roundTo(3, R1_MASS / R1_MOLAR_MASS) roundTo(3, R2_MASS / R2_MOLAR_MASS) R1_MOL * R2_RATIO / R1_RATIO < R2_MOL roundTo(3, R1_LIMIT ? R1_MOL * P1_RATIO / R1_RATIO : R2_MOL * P1_RATIO / R2_RATIO) roundTo(3, P1_MOL * P1_MOLAR_MASS)

Given the following reaction:

`\qquad R1_RATIO === 1 ? "" : R1_RATIOR1 + R2_RATIO === 1 ? "" : R2_RATIOR2 \rightarrow P1_RATIO === 1 ? "" : P1_RATIOP1 + P2_RATIO === 1 ? "" : P2_RATIOP2`

How many grams of `P1` will be produced from `R1_MASS \text{g}` of `R1` and `R2_MASS \text{g}` of `R2`?

P1_MASS grams (you can round to the nearest gram)

`\dfrac{R1_MASS \cancel{\text{g}}}{R1_MOLAR_MASS \cancel{\text{g}} / \text{mol}} = \blue{\text{ R1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R1_MOL)}} \text{ OF }R1` [Explain]

First we want to convert the given amount of `R1` from grams to moles. To do this, we divide the given amount of `R1` by the molar mass of `R1`.

`\dfrac{\text{GRAMS_OF }R1}{\text{MOLAR_MASS_OF }R1} = \text{MOLES_OF }R1`

To find the molar mass of `R1`, we look up the atomic weight of each atom in a molecule of `R1` in the periodic table and add them together. In this case, it's `R1_MOLAR_MASS \text{g/mol}`.

Dividing the given `R1_MASS \text{g}` of `R1` by the molar mass of `R1_MOLAR_MASS \text{g/mol}` tells us we're starting with `R1_MOL\text{ plural_form(MOLE, R1_MOL) OF }R1`.

`\dfrac{R2_MASS \cancel{\text{g}}}{R2_MOLAR_MASS \cancel{\text{g}} / \text{mol}} = \green{\text{ plural(R2_MOL, "mole")}} \text{ OF }R2` [Explain]

We want to convert the given amount of `R2` from grams to moles. To do this, we divide the given amount of `R2` by the molar mass of `R2`.

`\dfrac{\text{GRAMS_OF }R2}{\text{MOLAR_MASS_OF }R2} = \text{MOLES_OF }R2`

To find the molar mass of `R2`, we look up the atomic weight of each atom in a molecule of `R2` in the periodic table and add them together. In this case, it's `R2_MOLAR_MASS \text{g/mol}`.

Dividing the given `R2_MASS \text{g}` of `R2` by the molar mass of `R2_MOLAR_MASS \text{g/mol}` tells us we're starting with `\text{ R2_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R2_MOL)} \text{ OF }R2`.

The mole ratio of `\dfrac{R1}{R2}` in the reaction is `\dfrac{R1_RATIO}{R2_RATIO}`. [Explain]

The reaction is `\blue{R1_RATIO}R1 + \red{R2_RATIO}R2 \rightarrow P1_RATIOP1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R1_RATIO) `R1` for every cardinalThrough20(R2_RATIO) `R2` molecule

The reaction is `\blue{R1_RATIO}R1 + \red{R2_RATIO}R2 \rightarrow P1_RATIOP1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R1_RATIO) `R1` for every cardinalThrough20(R2_RATIO) `R2` molecules

`\qquad \dfrac{R1}{R2} = \dfrac{R1_RATIO}{R2_RATIO} = \dfrac{\blue{\text{ R1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R1_MOL)}}}{x}` [Show alternate approach]

`\dfrac{R1}{R2} = \dfrac{R1_RATIO}{R2_RATIO} = \dfrac{x}{\green{\text{ plural(R2_MOL, "mole")}}}`

Instead of finding out how much `R2` we need to react with all of our `R1`, we could figure out how much `R1` we need to react with all of our `R2`. In this case, `x = \text{ roundTo(3, R2_MOL * R1_RATIO / R2_RATIO) plural_form(MOLE, roundTo(3, R2_MOL * R1_RATIO / R2_RATIO))}` of `R1` needed, which is more than we have. Therefore `R1` is the limiting reagent.

`x = \text{ roundTo(3, R1_MOL * R2_RATIO / R1_RATIO) plural_form(MOLE, roundTo(3, R1_MOL * R2_RATIO / R1_RATIO))}` of `R2` needed. We have `\text{ R2_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R2_MOL)}` of `R2`, which is more than we need. Therefore `R1` is the limiting reagent.

The mole ratio of `\dfrac{R1}{P1}` in the reaction is `\dfrac{R1_RATIO}{P1_RATIO}`. [Explain]

The reaction is `\blue{R1_RATIO}R1 + R2_RATIOR2 \rightarrow \red{P1_RATIO}P1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R1_RATIO) `R1` for every cardinalThrough20(P1_RATIO) `P1` molecule.

The reaction is `\blue{R1_RATIO}R1 + R2_RATIOR2 \rightarrow \red{P1_RATIO}P1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R1_RATIO) `R1` for every cardinalThrough20(P1_RATIO) `P1` molecules.

`\qquad \dfrac{R1}{P1} = \dfrac{R1_RATIO}{P1_RATIO} = \dfrac{\blue{\text{ R1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R1_MOL)}}}{x}`

`x = \text{ P1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, P1_MOL)}` of `P1` produced.

The mole ratio of `\dfrac{R1}{R2}` in the reaction is `\dfrac{R1_RATIO}{R2_RATIO}`. [Explain]

The reaction is `\blue{R1_RATIO}R1 + \red{R2_RATIO}R2 \rightarrow P1_RATIOP1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R1_RATIO) `R1` for every cardinalThrough20(R2_RATIO) `R2` molecule.

The reaction is `\blue{R1_RATIO}R1 + \red{R2_RATIO}R2 \rightarrow P1_RATIOP1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R1_RATIO) `R1` for every cardinalThrough20(R2_RATIO) `R2` molecules.

`\qquad \dfrac{R1}{R2} = \dfrac{R1_RATIO}{R2_RATIO} = \dfrac{x}{\green{\text{ R2_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R2_MOL)}}} \qquad` [Show alternate approach]

`\dfrac{R1}{R2} = \dfrac{R1_RATIO}{R2_RATIO} = \dfrac{\blue{\text{ R1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R1_MOL)}}}{x}`

Instead of finding out how much `R1` we need to react with all of our `R2`, we could figure out how much `R2` we need to react with all of our `R1`. In this case, `x = \text{ roundTo(3, R1_MOL * R2_RATIO / R1_RATIO) plural_form(MOLE, roundTo(3, R1_MOL * R2_RATIO / R1_RATIO))}` of `R2` needed, which is more than we have. Therefore `R2` is the limiting reagent.

`x = \text{ roundTo(3, R2_MOL * R1_RATIO / R2_RATIO) plural_form(MOLE, roundTo(3, R2_MOL * R1_RATIO / R2_RATIO))}` of `R1` needed. We have `\text{ R1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R1_MOL)}` of `R1`, which is more than we need. Therefore `R2` is the limiting reagent.

The mole ratio of `\dfrac{R2}{P1}` in the reaction is `\dfrac{R2_RATIO}{P1_RATIO}`. [Explain]

The reaction is `R1_RATIOR1 + \blue{R2_RATIO}R2 \rightarrow \red{P1_RATIO}P1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R2_RATIO) `R2` for every cardinalThrough20(P1_RATIO) `P1` molecule.

The reaction is `R1_RATIOR1 + \blue{R2_RATIO}R2 \rightarrow \red{P1_RATIO}P1 + P2_RATIOP2`. The coefficients in front of each molecule tell us in what ratios the molecules react. In this case cardinalThrough20(R2_RATIO) `R2` for every cardinalThrough20(P1_RATIO) `P1` molecules.

`\qquad \dfrac{R2}{P1} = \dfrac{R2_RATIO}{P1_RATIO} = \dfrac{\green{\text{ R2_MOL plural_form(MOLE, R2_MOL)}}}{x}`

`x = \text{ P1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, P1_MOL)}` of `P1` produced.

`\cancel{\text{P1_MOL plural_form(MOLE, P1_MOL)}} P1 \times \dfrac{P1_MOLAR_MASS \text{g}}{\cancel{\text{plural_form(MOLE, 1)}}} = \text{ P1_MASS plural_form(GRAM, P1_MASS)} \text{ OF }P1`

"\\text{CH}_4" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("C") + molarMass("H") * 4) "\\text{O}_2" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("O") * 2) "\\text{CO}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("C") + molarMass("O") * 2) "\\text{H}_2\\text{O}" 2
"\\text{Mg(OH)}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Mg") + (molarMass("O") + molarMass("H")) * 2) "\\text{HCl}" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("H") + molarMass("Cl")) "\\text{MgCl}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Mg") + molarMass("Cl") * 2) "\\text{H}_2\\text{O}" 2
"\\text{NaCl}" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Na") + molarMass("Cl")) "\\text{AgNO}_3" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Ag") + molarMass("N") + molarMass("O") * 3) "\\text{AgCl}" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Ag") + molarMass("Cl")) "\\text{NaNO}_3" 1
"\\text{C}_3\\text{H}_8" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("C") * 3 + molarMass("H") * 8) "\\text{O}_2" 5 roundTo(3, molarMass("O") * 2) "\\text{CO}_2" 3 roundTo(3, molarMass("C") + molarMass("O") * 2) "\\text{H}_2\\text{O}" 4
"\\text{Zn}" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Zn")) "\\text{HCl}" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("H") + molarMass("Cl")) "\\text{ZnCl}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Zn") + molarMass("Cl") * 2) "\\text{H}_2" 1
"\\text{Cu}" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Cu")) "\\text{AgNO}_3" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("Ag") + molarMass("N") + molarMass("O") * 3) "\\text{Ag}" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("Ag")) "\\text{Cu(NO}_3\\text{)}_2" 1
"\\text{Zn}" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Zn")) "\\text{CuCl}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Cu") + molarMass("Cl") * 2) "\\text{ZnCl}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Zn") + molarMass("Cl") * 2) "\\text{Cu}" 1
"\\text{Fe}" 4 roundTo(3, molarMass("Fe")) "\\text{O}_2" 3 roundTo(3, molarMass("O") * 2) "\\text{Fe}_2\\text{O}_3" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("Fe") * 2 + molarMass("O") * 3) ""
"\\text{Na}" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("Na")) "\\text{Cl}_2" 1 roundTo(3, molarMass("Cl") * 2) "\\text{NaCl}" 2 roundTo(3, molarMass("Na") + molarMass("Cl")) ""